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Sunansa Muhammad ana yi masa alkunya da Abul Hasan, Sannan ana yi masa lakabi da Radhi, ko kuma Sharif Radhi, Amma amfi saninsa da lakabin Sayyis Radhi a kasar farisa.
An haifi Sayyid Radhi a shekara ta 359 Bayan hijira a garin Bagdad dake kasar Iraki. Mahaifinsa kuwa sunansa Abu Ahmad Hasan bin Musa kuma akan yi masa lakabi da Tahir Auhad Zulmanakib. Sannan yana daya daga cikin jikokin manzon Allah (S.A.W) kuma mutum ne mai girma kwarai da gaske kuma wanda mutane suke matukar girmamawa, sannan ya kasance Mai amsar kararrakin mutane da kula da dakin ka'aba a lokacinsa kuma a matsayin wakilin jikokin manzo (S.A.W) mai kula da al'amuransu a wannan zamani.
Amma Mahifiyar Sayyid Radhi kuwa ita ma tana daya daga jikokin manzo Allah (S.A.W) kuma sunanta sunan Kakarsa wato Fatima Zahra (A.S), Mahaifiyar tasa ta kasance mace ce mai girma da daukaka.
Danganen Sayyid Radhi yana danganewa zuwa ga Imam Kazim (A.S) da mutum biyar, sannan dukkan kakaninsa har ya zuwa Imam kazim sun kasance mutane ne masu girma da daukaka kuma jikokin manzo (S.A.W).
Sayyid Ridha Yana karamin yaro ya fara karatu tare da Dan'uwansa mai suna Murtadha kissar karatun wadannan "yanuwa guda tana da dadin ji idan da zaka dan saurara kadan sai in ciro maka wani abu daga ciki. Kamar haka:
Sayyid Ridha da sayyid Murtadha suna da kananan shekaru sai mamarsu ta yanke shawarar cewa zata kai su wajen wani malami domin su fara karatun addini sunan wannan malamin kuwa ba boyayyen ba ne ga wanda yake karatu ko yake da tarihin malaman addinin musulunci kuma wadanda suka shahara. Wannan malami kuwa shi ne Sheikh Mufid, Shehu Mufid kamar ko wane lokaci yakan koyar ne a wani masallaci da yake a unguwar da yan shi'a suke zaune Bagadad, Shehin malamin yana cikin ba da karatu a cikin masalllaci sai ga wata mata a cikin girmamawa ta shigo masallaci tana rike da yara guda biyu sai ta zo kusa da sheikh Mufid ta yi masa sallama, ta cigaba da ce masa ni ce matar Tahir Zul-manakib kuma wadan yara guda biyu 'ya'yana ne, na kawo su ne gareka domin su yi karatu, lokacin da sheikh Mufid ya ji abin da wannan mata ta fada sai kwalla suka zubo masa, sannan ya tashi tsaye domin girmama wannan mata sannan ya ce: A jiya na ga Fatima Zahra 'yar manzo (S.A.W) a cikin barci, tana rike da hannayen Hasan da Husaini sai Sayyida Fatima (A.S) ta kawo su wajena, sai ta ce mani, wadan nan 'ya'yana ne ka koya musu karatu.
Wannan ne ya sanya lokacin da wannan mata ta zo wajen sheikh mufid da ta yi masa bayanin abin da yake tafe da ita ya sanya shi ya yi kuka domin kuwa wannan ne ya zama fassarar mafarkin da ya yi da sayyida Zahra (A.S). don haka ne sheikh ya karbi wadan nan yara guda biyu da hannnaye biyu-biyu, sannan kuma bugu da kari dama ita matar ta kasance daya da cikin jikokoin Sayyida Zahra (A.S).
Da wannan ne ya sanya Sayyid Ridha da Sayyid Murtadha dan’uwansa ba su taba manta karramawar da sheikh mufid ya yi musu ba. Sannan kuma haka suka ci gaba da girmama malaminsu har zuwa karshen rayuwarsu. Duk da yake sun yi karatu ga wadan su malamai bayan Sheikh mufid amma sukan girmama sheikh girmamawa ta musamman.
a wannan zamani ta kasance babbar cibiyar da a ke nazarin ilimin addinin musulunci, don haka kowane mai neman ilimi a wannan zamani yakan iya samun duk abinda yake bukata na ilimi a wannan gari. Don haka ne Sayyid Radhi da dan’uwansa suka fa'idantu daga manyan malamai na wannan garin a wannan zamani wanda da haka ne Sayyid radhi ya rubuta wannan littafi mai dinbin albarka wanda yake cike da hikimomi da fasahohin Shugaban muminai Imam Ali (A.S). wanda yake ce wa Nahjul balaga.
Sayyid Radhi bayan karatun da yake addini a gefe kuma yana bahasi akn adabi wanda shi wani fanni ne wanda yake da farin jini don haka ne ya kasance yakan rubuta wakokin tun yana karamin yaro, a lokacin da yake dan shekara tara ne ya yi wa mahaifinsa waka ta yabo inda mahaifin nasa ya ba shi kyauta domin jin dadi da karfafa shi, Amma Sayyid bai amshi wannan kyauta ba, a inda ya ce wa mahaifinsa wannan kasida na yi ta ne domin nuna kauna ta mahaifi ba don in amshi kyauta daga gareka ba. A wannan lokaci ne kuma ya yi wa wani malaminsa wanda Allah ya yi wa rasuwa waka ta yabo .
Sayyid kafin ya kai shekara talatin ya zamana wakokinsa duk sun zagaye ko'ina, a wannan lokaci ne Sahib bn Ubbad wanda babban mutum ne kuma waziri a wanna lokaci kuma ya kware a kan al'amarin waka ya aiko domin sama masa wakar Sayyid Radhi, a wannan lokaci Sayyid yana dan shekara 26 da ya ji labrin cewa wannan waziri yana bukatar wakarsa sai ya shirya waka ta yabo ya aika masa da ita, amma Sayyid sai ya yi tunanin ce kada ya aika masa wannan waka wasu su yi zaton cewa yana neman wani abin duniya don haka sai ya fasa aika wannan kasida zuwa ga Sahib bn Ubbad.
Haka dai Sayyid ya cigaba da bincike a kan Addinin musulunci da ilimominsa, sakamakon haka ya yi kokarin tattara hudubobi da hikimomin Imam Ali (A.S) wanda ya sanya masa suna da An-Nahjul balaga. Bayan shekara shida da rubuta Wannan muhimmin littafi na nahjul balaga, Sayyid sai ya koma zuwa ga Ubangijinsa a shekara ta 406 bayan hijira. Wanda a lokacin yana dan shekara 47.
Mutanen Bagdad sun yi bakincikin rasuwar Sayyid Radhi kuma a cikin girmamawa mutane masu yawan gaske suka halarci jana'izar Sayyid a wannan lokaci. Wannan shi ne kadan daga cikin tarihin rayuwar wannan Babban malami kuma marubucin Nahjul balaga da fatan Allah ya kara masa rahma ya kuma yawaita mana irinsu domin yi wa addini hidima.